Ngati ndinu woyamba mu malonda akunja, kumeneko'ndichinthu chomwe muyenera kudziwa.Mawu amalonda apadziko lonse, omwe amatchedwanso incoterm.Nazi zitatuZomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi incoterms.
1. EXW - Ex Works
EXW ndi yochepa pa ntchito zakale, ndipo amadziwikanso kuti mitengo yafakitale ya katunduyo.Wogulitsa amapanga katunduyo pamalo awo, kapena pamalo ena otchulidwa.Mwachizoloŵezi, wogula amakonza zotolera katundu kuchokera pamalo omwe asankhidwa, ndipo ali ndi udindo wochotsa katunduyo kudzera mu Customs.Wogula alinso ndi udindo wokwaniritsa zolemba zonse zotumiza kunja.
EXW imatanthauza kuti wogula amakhala pachiwopsezo chobweretsa katundu komwe akupita.Mawuwa amaika udindo waukulu kwa wogula ndi zochepa zomwe zimafunikira kwa wogulitsa.Mawu akuti Ex Works amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri popanga mawu oyambira pakugulitsa katundu popanda mtengo uliwonse.
2.FOB - Yaulere Pabwalo
Pansi pa mawu a FOB wogulitsa amanyamula ndalama zonse ndi zowopsa mpaka katunduyo amakwezedwa. Chifukwa chake, mgwirizano wa FOB umafuna wogulitsa kuti apereke katundu m'chombo chomwe chiyenera kusankhidwa ndi wogula monga mwachizolowezi padoko linalake.Pankhaniyi, wogulitsa ayeneranso kukonzekera chilolezo chotumiza kunja.Kumbali ina, wogula amalipira mtengo wamayendedwe apanyanja, chindapusa, inshuwaransi, kutsitsa ndi mtengo wamayendedwe kuchokera kudoko lofika kupita komwe akupita.
3. CFR-Mtengo ndi Katundu (doko lotchedwa kopita)
Wogulitsa amalipira kanyamulidwe ka katunduyo mpaka kudoko lotchulidwa komwe akupita.Kusamutsidwa kwangozi kwa wogula katunduyo atakwezedwa m'sitimayo kudziko la Export.Wogulitsa ali ndi udindo pamitengo yoyambira kuphatikizira chilolezo chotumiza kunja ndi mtengo wapaulendo wopita kudoko lotchulidwa.Wotumizayo alibe udindo wotumiza kumalo omaliza kuchokera padoko, kapena kugula inshuwaransi.Ngati wogula akufuna kuti wogulitsa apeze inshuwaransi, Incoterm CIF iyenera kuganiziridwa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-09-2023
